Telephone-transmitter.



W. KAISLING.

TELEPHONE TRANSMHTER.

APPLICATIONHLBD MAR. 15, 190s.

Patented 001;. 21, 1913.

,.llis! w TELEPHONE-TRANSMITTER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Appicatcn filed March 15, 1906.

Patented Oct. 21., 1913.

serial No. 306,240.

z'il'lllfiflt u tl i, viluiiinu Kirsmyq a o iinilcd. tes, residing at Chicounty et Cool; and State of we invented a new and useful i in 'i`elcuhone'l`ransmitters,

he following is a. specification.

it iuvcntis'm, relates to telephone .uit of the .so-called granular y. if. in which a body of inely divided carbon or other suitable resistance-varying ma Wi, dispos-cd between suitable electrodes ad in ar nclosing chamber, is caused nce of the telephone circuit i -.iccordancc with the sound ed a'f'ainst. the sound-receiving in of transmitters of this i cn mamon practice heretofore Ticgranuie chamber by a memco of mica or like material arbran ranged i as to form a flexible mechanical coi ition which will permit relative move- :nent of the electrodes. In such transmitters, the supplemental diaphragm is rigidly connected. at either its center or periphery, to the main diaphragm and7 consequently, any buckling of the latter, due to the heat com cJLzl to it from the resistance-varying material during the operation of the instrunient, causes objectionable stresses on the auaiiiary dial2 agin. The arrangement of various p or' the transmitter is also .ninoniy suf-li that the slight inequalities tions iu manufacture cause normal on the auxiliary diaphragm of an injurious character. All such stresses tend not only te distort the form of the impressed sonni. "irc a'nd thereby interfere with the talkin;v properties of the instrument, but also to break down the auxiliary diaphragm i l thereby materially slierten the life of uncpt,

rincipal object of the invention is I an rilie'icnt transmitter"which shall :cui the above defects, and which m. objcctionable packing, funi-nts of this class. To :trust and arrange thc fr that all abnormal diaphragm, which xigliiiit r-entai to the faithful repro.

or injurious to the auxilif frauunittcd thereto7 arc while the other elect-rode is fixedly secured to the bridge. The second spring, which is preferably secured to the center of the first spring, bears against the main diaphragm and is instrumental in transmitting its vibrations to the granule chamber While, at the same time, giving said diaphragm an initial flexure and damping its natural rate of vibration.

The invention also comprises other fea-l tures which, together with the above, will be more fully understood upon reference to the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawing, while the scope ofv the invention will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims. l

Figure 1 of said drawing is a sectional elevation of a transmitter constructed in accordance with my invention, the section being taken on aplane indicated by the line 1 1 of Fig. 3; 2 is a side elevation of the transmitter bridge and the parts mechanically connected thereto, parts being shown in section; Fig. 3 is a rear elevation of the transmit-ter with the protective casing removed pand ig. 4 is a frontelevation of the parts illustrated' in Fig. 2.

Referring' to the drawing in detail, it will be noted that the frame A of the transmitter, by which the various parts are supported, is made up of the bridge l0 and the usual circular front plate 11 which is provided with a threaded central opening for the rcccption of the usual mouth-piece l2. The front plate 1l Ais provided with a peripheral flange 13, to which the ends of thc bridge lt) arc detachably secured by screws 14. '.Ihc outer edge of this flange also forms a scat for thc reception of the customary sh .ll or covcr l5, by which the parts oi" the trausmittel' arc in'closcd. The principal elements of the transf yittcr are preferably assembled directly upon the bridge 10. so as to form a compact unitary structure readily detach'- ahlc from the other parts of thc transmitter.

'.lo this end` the central portion of the bridge is also preferably laterally deflected, asillustrated, so as to form a recess or space for the accommodation of the granule chamber B. This chamber comprises a metal cup 16 and a menibranous cover 1T of mi :a or other suitable material, held in place by a clamping ringr 17a suitably' secured te the cup by a threaded, driven, or like connection. The center of this auxiliary diaphragm is rigidly secured to the center ot the deflected portion of the bridge li) by means of a screw 1S, having an enlarged flat head engaging the inner face of the mica disk 17 and having a shank extending through a suitable opening,l in the bridge 10. A' washer 19 enY gages the outer face of the mica disk 17, and a nut 20, screwed on to the screw shank, securely clamps the.. parts in position. By means of the insulatingbushing and washers 21 and 22, the screw 18 is insulated from the bridge 10. The cup 16, on the other hand, is secured by a screw 23 to the center ot' a stiff leaf spring 24 which spans the space formed by the defiected ortion of the bridge 10 and rests upon insu ating pins or blocks 24 seated in the outer portions of the bridge. A nut 25 on the outer end of the. shank of the screw 23 holds these parts to; gether. As clearly illustrated, the head of the screw 23 fits snugly in the bottom of the cup 16. The heads ot' the screws 18 and form in themselves or carry the electrodes of thcinstrument. In the former case, their adjacent surfaces are preferably plated with gold or platinum, while in the latter case these surfaces are provided with hard earbon disks 26 ano 27. The space between the electrodes is partially filled by some suitable granular resistance-varying material such as finely divided carbon which, in response to o the relative movements of the electrodes,

kcompleted therethrough.

connected to the binding post by a suit? able conductor, such as the metal strap 29, while the electrode 27 and its supporting screw 23.l are connected to a similar binding post 30 by a similaiconductor 3l. The binding posts 28 and 3() are carried by, and suitably insulated from, the bridge 10. The inner ends of the conducting straps 29 and 3l are preferably perforated and surround the shanks of the screws 23 and 1S, respectively. The space between the front plate 11 on the one hand and chamber B on the other is occupied by the soimd-receiving diaphragm 32 which is provided with the usual sott rubber rim;r il?, extendingr around its periphery and resting against the inner wall of said front plate. This diaplnagm is given an initial bias or flexure by means of a spring 34, preferably having three engaging points, carried by the shank of the screw 23.

This spring, as previously indicated, also serves to damp the natural rat". of vibration ot' the sonnd-recening diaphragm and to transmit its vibrations to the ,qi-anule chamber B.

ln constructing the transmitter, the part-S are so proportioned and related that when the f rranule chamber B has been mounted on the bridge 10 and lthe nut 2O screwed up tight.v the central portion of the auxiiiary diaphragm 17 occupies a position preferably slightly to the rear of a plane through its periphery. This fleXure is very slightand, by reason of the stiffness ot' the parts which support the electrodes, and by reason of their being mounted upon a single piece, the bridge, the likelihood of variations 4in the size of the parts in manufacture, sufficient to cause an injurious flexure, is greatly reduced over similar transmitters of the prior art. lVhen the parts are finally assembled in the frame A, and the spring 24 is subjected to the action of the transmitting spring` 34, there will still be no injurious flexure of the auxiliary diaphragm 17 by reason of the relatively greater stiffness of the spring- 24 over the spring 34. In fact, the displacement resulting therefrom need be no more than that which would occ-ur in the operation of the instrument in transmitting speech and at no time will its direction of fiexure be changed. Thus, it will follow that the cooling of the parts-after operation will cause the electrodes to separate, rather than approach, and thereby reduce their pressure on the granular material and materially assist in maintaining it in unpacked condition.

From the above description, it will thus be apparent that I have devised a transmitter in which abnormal distortions or vibrations of the sound-1'ecciving diaphragm, or the pressure to give ititsrrinitial lexure, are cempensated by means of the springs 2t and 34 and are not transmitted to cause injurious flexure of the auxiliary diaphragm 17.

Obviously, in carrying out my invention, certain alterations and modifications may be made in the structuraldetails shown and de scribed without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention; for example, various parts may be adjustably mounted. i, thercl`ore,do not wish to be limited to the specific detailed disclosure. but aim to cover, by the terms ot' the appended claims. all such alterations and modifications.

What l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. A telephone transmitter (,-oinprising a supporting trame. a granule chamber carried thereby, cooperating electrodes located in said chamber, granular 1esistance-varying material between said electrodes, a soundreeeiving diaphragm and a springr secured to said chamber and bearing against said dianovena-1 naher. granular reiwi iai but een said elecng diaphragm7 and a- -aid diaphragm and it the lvibrations of f ip to wirrcspondf at lsaid granular hpriiig secured tu Said eliaii'iber and` bearing:

against said diaphragm whereby the vibrations of the diaphragm are transmitted to the chamber to cause a relative niiivenient (if said membrane and cup to corre-peniiiiigly vary the resistanife tif said granular material. i i

il. A telephone transmitter rmiiprising a siippnrting frame, ay ('up rarried by said frame, a membrane (-nvei'ing' aid ciip sa as t0 ferm a giaiiule chamber therewithA ra operating electrodes carried by eaid cup and membrane respectively, granular Msi-aanravaryingr material between said electrodes, a seundreceivingr diaphragm and a Vapring cured t0 said chamber and bearing agaiiirst said diaphragm wliereblx` ther vibration@` m the diaiihragiii are transmitted to the chainber tu rauw a wrreapnnding rtlatiw, nimeuient nt' said elerti'ndea tn wirres-pondingly vaiv the resistance ni aaid granular matrria.

4, A telephone transmitter cciiiprisingr a supporting frame, a. gramile chaiiiher .rried thereby, said chamber haring' rrlatirei;v movable parta, one of whirh ig yicldingly held by Said frame, suitable electrnilea in said chamber, granular resistanre-varying material between said electrodes a sound receiving diaphragm, and elastic meane secured to said chamber and hearing againsatl said diaphragm to transmit the vibrai'zians nf said diaphragm to said chamber to cause :i cui-responding relative niuveiiient (if Said chamber parts to correspondingly vai); the i resistance of said granular material,

5. A telephone transmitter cmiiprii-,ing a supporting traine, a granule rhamber having relatively iiinvable parts, one of Said parby being tixedly held and the other yieldinili` held by said frame, Suitable electredes in said chamber, granular resistance-varying matt-rial between said elertrfiden` a abundreccivingdiaphragm and elaStiO means Secured t0 said chamber and bearing airaiiir-rt said diaphragm tn transmit ther vila-alim, if l Said diaphragm to eaifl chamber te rauw corresponding relative innveii'ieiit,-` ai mid chamber parts tn correspondingly vary the reaistaiiec at .said granular mate 'ial.

(3. telephmie traneinitter ennipriainnj a supl'iorting fraaie, a cup, a membrana einer inter Said cup so as te ferm a graniiie ei'hanibvs l therewith, said membrane being fixediy cured at one. peint to said trame, and sind cup being yieldingly Connected thereto, suitinni runiprising a 'pring engaging .xber having rela- :ed respectively at api auf. suitable elecy er granular resistance- .fi-n aid electrodes, a f [n and a transmitdiaphragm and leat` 5in vitiratinns of the Li a comprising a spring engaging rnaiiiber comprising wr therefor, Said tired at: opposite j it 'id ltrame, suitable nier, granular resist,- a tween Said elecni and a transmitiaphragin and leaf l ,fibrations of the for- `i ai" Spring engaging rm tr the center of said ww-ring said Cup so as iwftherewith and .iid frame, suitable y granular resisti between said elecifaiiragjin and a transmit- V-aid liaphri gin and letti e :ne ribrations of the fora second spring acting' between said diaphragm and leaf spring' to transmit the vibrations ot'v the former to the latter.

12. telephone transmitter comprising a sound-receiving' diaphragm. a bridge having a deflected portion, a ,ei-anule chamber lying in the space formed by said deflected portion, and havingl relatively inmable walls, means fior securingone of said walls to the deflected portion ot' said bridge, a leatspring spanning' the space formed by said deflected portion,- mrans for securing said leaf-spring to the other ot said walls, suitable electrodes in said chamber, and lgranular resistance-var ving material between said electrodes, said ln'idg'e, chamber and f1ttached parts forming a detached unitary structure.

lll. telephone transmitter comprising' a souml-receiving diaphragm, a cup, an auxiliary dial'fhraam covering said cup so as to t'orm a `manille chamber therewith, suitable electrodes in said. chamber, granular resistance-varying material between said electrodes, means uiting,r between said chamber and sound-receiving diaphragm to give the latter an initial llexure, and con'ipensaling,r means for in'eventinp; an undue resulting fieXure ot the auxiliary diaphragm.

14. A telephone transmitter comprising a soundreceiving diaphragm, a granuli: chaillber having' a flexible membranous wall, suitable electrodes in said chamber, granular resistance-varying material between Said electrodes, and transmitting means between said diapl'iragm and ineinbranous wall comprising means for ,living said diaphragm an initial flexnre and compensating' therefor so as to prevent an undue resulting tlexure of said memlu'anous wall.

15. A telephone transmitter comprising' a supporting' frame, a spring supported granule chamber carried thereby, cooperating electrodes located in said chamber, granular resistance-varyingg material between said electrodes a sound receiving,r diaphragm and springs acting between said chamber and franie and diaphragm.

1li. telephone transmitter comprisingt a supporting;k frame, a 4vicldingrly supported granuli chamber carried thereby, relatively movable electrodes lof-ated in said chamber, granular resistance-varying` material bctween said chatrodi a s'inndreceiving! diziphrag'm and sprintf.-v ;r tina betuecn one of said electrodes and "said llame and diaphrag'm.

li". telephone transmitter comprising' .i supportingy traine. a cup tlexibly carried by said frame. a membrane covering' said cup so as to torni a granule chamber therewith, electrodes located in said chamber, granular resistance-varying material between said electrodes, a setuid-receiving diaphragm and l springs acting between said chamber and lrame and diaphragm.

18. A telephone transmitter comprising' a supporting frame, a cup flexibly carried by 1 said fratrie, a membrane covering said cup so as to form a granule chamber therewith, co-

operating electrodes carried by said cup and membrane respectively, granular resistance- \'arying material between said electrodes, a

,i sound-receiving diaphragm and springs act-- ing between said chamber and frame and diaphragm.

19. .A telephone transmitter comprising a supporting frame, a granule chamber fiexilbly carried thereby, said chamber having trelatively movable parts, one of which is t rigidly held by said frame, suitable electrodes in said chamber, granular resist-ancet varying material between said electrodes, a t sound-receiving diaphragm and springs act- I ing,r between a movable part of said chamber and said frame and diaphragm.

2t). A telephone transmitter comprising a supporting frame, a cup, a membrane covering said cup so as t0 form a granule chamber therewith, said menibrane being rigidly secured at one point to said frame, suitable electrodes in said chamber, granular resistance-varying material between said electrode, a sound-receiving diaphragm and springs acting between said cup and said frame and diaphragm.

21. A telephone transmitter comprising a front` plate, a bridge, a flexibly supported granule chamber having relatively movable walls, suitable electrodes in said chamber, resistance-varying material between said electrodes, a sound-receiving diaphragm bear- -ing at its periphery against said front plate, and a spring acting between said chamber and diaphragm, said bridge, chamber and attached parts forming a detachable unitary structure.

22. A telephone transmitter comprising a front plate, a bridge having a deflected portion, a granule chamber lying in the space formed by said deflected portion and having one of said walls to the detlectcd'portion of said bridge, a leaf-spring spanning the space formed by said deflected portion, means for securing said leaf-springto the other of said walls, suitable electrodes in said chamber, Agranular resistance-varying material bewet-.n said electrodes, a sentiti-receiving diaphrap'ni bearings,r at its periphery against said trout plate, and a spring' acting between said chamber and diaphragm, said bridge, chamber and attached partsI forming a detachable unitary structtu'e.

22S. A telephone transmitter comprising three unitary structures, the first consisting of. a front pl te and mouthpiece., the second being a sound-receiving diaphragm, and the relatively movable walls, means for securing` third inrlnding,r n bridge lnmnber liminjr :i laterally doflerted portion, n grunule churnbcr securedv thereto und lying within lhci space formed by ,Suid drtlccted portion, and yielding Operative. cnnnvcting means by which the Vibrations 0f they sound-warming diaphragm are conmiuniczncd to said izlianiher when the parts are asernblnd.

Q4. A telephonil transniittrr Cnniprising three unitary structuren, the first consisting of a front plate and mouthpiece, the second being a sound-receiving diaphragm, and the third including a bridgev member having a dflected portion, a. grannle chamber lying Within the space formed by Said delectcdy portion und having relatively movable walls, moans for securing one of' said Walls to the l drlected portion of said bridge member, a

leaf-S )riiw snannin(r thal i; )me formed b" n o J nhmuf artid Walls,

suitable @lectrmleh in mid vlnnnl. i, grauw clectrndeS und :i spring; secured to sind lezilf'M y spring and zuluptiid to Ungzwu sind smindw@ y wiring dmphi-:igni wim; in@ 'parte'. :fire aS gambled.

t ln Witni wher-ent', l hereunto snbcribe y Said lent-Spring tv the l my name this 1S day of March, i906.

Wllilil .XM KISLSG.

lVitnesses t CAROLYN WEBER, l T. H. FnminsoN.

said dctiriod pnrtinn, means for securing 

